Browsing by Author "Ogeta, Norbert O."

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    Strategies adopted by school management to contain the rising cost of Secondary Education in Kirinyaga-East District, Kirinyaga County, Kenya.
    (2015-02-05) Muriithi, Danson Githinji; Ogeta, Norbert O.; Njihia, Mukirae
    The purpose of this study was to examine the strategies adopted by school management to contain the rising cost of secondary education in Kirinyaga-East District in Kirinyaga County so that there is progression to secondary school after class eight and reduced drop outs in secondary schools. The objectives of the study were to establish controlled use of school funds to contain the rising' cost of secondary education, establish strategies adopted by secondary school management while budgeting so as to contain cost of secondary education .find out other income generating strategies adopted by school management to contain the rising cost of secondary education and establish strategies put in place by school management in collection of user charges to contain the rising cost of secondary school education in Kirinyaga-East District, Kirinyaga County. The theoretical framework was based on the business strategy theory developed by Porter in 1980.Literature was reviewed on financing education outside African Countries; African countries and Secondary education in Kenya. This study employed a descriptive survey design. The target population for this study was 32 public secondary schools. Respondents for this study were chosen using stratified and purposive sampling and comprised of 23 people. These included; 7 Head teachers, 5 B.O.M chairpersons, 10 P.T.A chairpersons and the District Education Officer. Research instruments used in the study included: questionnaires, interview schedule, and observation schedule. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages were used to analyze the data. The analyzed data was presented in the form of frequency tables, bar graphs and pie chart. The study revealed that secondary schools in Kirinyaga-East District, Kirinyaga County adopted the following strategies to contain the rising cost of secondary education; on controlled use of school funds included regular auditing of school accounts, utilizing maximally the existing alternative sources of income and employing cost reduction methods. On the budgeting strategies, stake holders adjusted the budget regularly so as to work within it, increased the vote head for co-curriculum activities, and had funds collection. On Income generating strategies, very few schools used land and buildings available to raise an income, community participation and other activities like walk were rarely used to raise income and provision of cheap labor. Secondary schools relied on government bursaries for bright arid needy students. Very few schools initiated a programme to assist bright and needy students. On the user charges collection strategies, parents and guardians exchanged services and goods for school fees and were required to make serious pledges to have prompt fees payment. The study recommended that secondary schools management could write proposals requesting for more funds, use of technical skills within a secondary schoolIn home science rooms, computer rooms and workshops. Finally, service and commercial based activities that generate income so as to contain the rising cost of secondary education to be introduced in schools. This study could be carried out in other counties in Kenya.
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    The Degree to Which Parents’ Association Costs Predict Secondary School Students’ Gross Attendance Ratio in Laikipia County, Kenya
    (IJRISS, 2024-08) Kamau, Patrick Muchiri; Ogeta, Norbert O.; Mogaka, Malach M.
    This study seeks to examine the extent to which private costs influence the participation of students in public day secondary schools in Laikipia County. The study was necessitated by the declining students’ participation in public day secondary schools as measured by gross attendance ratio and gross enrolment ratio specifically in Laikipia County. The objective of the study was to examine the extent to which private costs influence the participation of students in public day secondary schools in Laikipia County. This study was guided by two theories: Production Function Theory of Education & the Equity Theory of Motivation. The research gathered both qualitative and quantitative data simultaneously using convergent parallel mixed methods design. The target population was 19,065 respondents, of whom were, five sub County directors of education; 78 principals; 7,800 form three and four parents; 8,870 form three and four students, and 312 form three and four class teachers. Census was used to select five SCDEs, stratified random sampling was used to select 25 principals and 400 students, simple random sampling to select 400 parents and 100 class teachers to make a sample size of 930 participants. Both probability and non-probability sampling methods were used to select a sample size of 930 participants. Data was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. Questionnaires were utilized to gather primary data from class teachers, students and parents while structured interview schedules were utilized to gather qualitative data from the sub County directors of education and principals. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was computed and a level of 0.87 was achieved. The research utilized tangerine electronic data collection software used for data entry and data cleaning. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze quantitative data. Iterative Thematic Inquiry (ITI) was utilized to analyze qualitative data.