Browsing by Author "Odha, Gene Aila"

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    Environmental Policy Implementation Effects on Prevention and Control of River Water Pollution in Kenya: A Case of Ngong River, Nairobi City County
    (Kenyatta University, 2024-06) Odha, Gene Aila
    Water scarcity and increasing demand for water are significant challenges in many parts of the world due to factors such as water pollution, population growth, urbanization, and inadequate water management. The potential impacts of water scarcity on various aspects of society have raised public concern, leading to efforts to address the issue through initiatives like the Sustainable Development Goal 6 for 2030. Kenya, a country experiencing rapid growth, is facing limited freshwater resources, prompting the implementation of programs aimed at better managing and protecting water sources, reducing pollution, and improving access to sanitation facilities. One of the Nairobi city's rivers, the Ngong River, provides riparian communities with a wide range of crucial environmental services. Since the Ngong River is a very fragile ecosystem that can suffer if an appropriate management plan is not in place, it needs protection and special consideration. Over the past thirty years or so, the Ngong River has come under increasing and significant pressure from a variety of interrelated human activities, such as industrial pollution, eutrophication, and sedimentation. This research proposal focuses on how the application of environmental policies affects the prevention of pollution in the Ngong River and offers potential policy choices that can assist in remediating or reducing environmental degradation. The available Acts and policies were examined, with a focus on those that particularly address water protection and conservation, and the difficulties that each required institution faces were highlighted. The study was guided by Theory of Change, Top-down theory and Bottom-up theory. A descriptive research design was adopted. The study targeted National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA), environmental police officers, and municipal council departments. The sample size was 50% of the targeted population. A sample size of 100 respondents from various resource user groups and villages residing along the Sinai, Tetra Park, Katoto, and Lungalunga slums were used to collect data. The data was obtained using structured surveys, observations, and interviews. It was analyzed using SPSS windows and presented using tables, charts, and graphs. In addition to eleven key informant interviews with key leading government office representatives, non-governmental organizations, and long-term residents along the Ngong River, the household survey include five Focused Group Discussions (FGDs) with community members. In order to identify policy gaps and potential for the protection of the river from pollution in the study region, the researcher will analyze the policy instruments review of the current policy and legislative framework. It is vital that institutional mandates between the national environmental management and Kenya Water and Sanitation Service be thoroughly clarified in order for these government organizations to accept and support the management plans for the area. Additionally, depending on the present pressure-state condition, the researcher will analyze the rules and regulations that are not currently in place and need to be updated, and will then recommend policy enforcement, stringent regulation, and guidelines to preserve this environment.