Browsing by Author "Nyenge, Raphael"

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    The design and study of a computer- controlled security system(CCSS) based on a GSM phone
    (2011-12-15) Nyenge, Raphael; Ibitola, G. A.; Odote, J. M.
    Computers are finding important use in home automation, communication technology, security systems, etc. Communication between a computer, sensors, and a mobile phone can be achieved by use of appropriate interfacing techniques and a suitable program. A mobile phone has found use in the areas of security, voice-to-voice communication, sending and receiving short text messages and access information services available with the network carriers. This research project focused on designing a security system that alerts a mobile phone user of a possible intrusion into his or her house, business premises, car, etc. A passive infrared (PIR), magnetic contact sensors, an alarm and a mobile phone were interfaced to a computer. The PIR sensor senses heat from a body, and the magnetic contacts sense the opening of a door or window. In this study, a Computer-based prototype system appropriate for accepting signals from sensors and controlling an alarm and a mobile phone is presented. Personal Computer (PC) parallel and serial/USB ports were configured, programmed, and used in accepting signals and controlling a mobile phone and an alarm. Once the personal computer (PC) receives input signals from the sensors, it commands the interfaced mobile phone to send a predetermined text message using the short message services (SMS) of a mobile phone network. The SMS is sent to a designated person. After a short delay, the computer triggers an alarm system. The use of a PC as a control element provides a secure security system which does not require monitoring by a central station of a private firm. The various components used in constructing the system hardware were chosen based on their performance and suitability for use in a security system. One unique part of the system was its power supply; it was able to supply IOV and 5V. Software for control, scanning of input and interpretation, was developed using C++ programming language. The operational system was tested for its suitability and reliability as a security system. Tests showed that the magnetic sensor pulled in at a distance of about 2.3cm when fixed on steel, while on air it pulled in at a distance of about 4.3cm. The PIR sensor was found to have a horizontal range of about l Om.The security system was found to be reasonably fast in sending a SMS; on average it took 25s. The mobile phone network showed a very high degree of success in sending a SMS. The alarm went off every time after sending a SMS. After suitable modifications this system can be installed in homes, banks, institutions, vehicles, factories and any other area requiring this kind of security system (with the necessary modifications).
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    Modelling and Optimization of Microgrid with Combined Genetic Algorithm and Model Predictive Control of PV/Wind/FC/Battery Energy Systems
    (Researchgate, 2024-12) Agoundedemba, Maklewa; Kim, Chang Ki; Kim, Hyun-Goo; Nyenge, Raphael; Musila, Nicholas
    storage devices to supply power to certain load demands. However, technical issues and fewer benefits can occur due to their intermittent nature and the high investment costs associated. So, an accurate model, sizing, and management approach are required to maximize the operational benefits of the microgrid with battery energy storage systems and fuel cells. This study used the combined genetic algorithm (GA) and model predictive control (MPC) to size and optimize the hybrid renewable energy PV/Wind/FC/Battery subject to certain constraints on the power flow and battery state of charge. The data used to validate the model of the system was from the University of California San Diago of 13.5 GWh a year. The main objective was to minimize the cost of energy (COE), power supply probability (LPSP) and the net present cost, by GA. Another goal was to minimize the cost of power imported from the main grid over the time horizon. This was done using MPC based on forecasted data. The results showed a total energy generation of 17.29 GWh in a year. A microgrid produced a cheap cost of energy of $0.19/kWh. A LPSP was 0 % indicating that technically the system is viable. The optimized power flow maintained the battery’s state of charge within the safe range of 20–95 %, significantly enhancing battery longevity by reducing degradation from frequent charging cycles. The total proposed system relies on the main grid only 5.80 % compared to the current real installed where 15 % relies on the main grid. Additionally, the proposed system resulted in a carbon dioxide reduction of 4412.108 tCO₂ annually, demonstrating the envi ronmental benefits of the optimized microgrid