Browsing by Author "Mwangi, J. W."
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Item Aromatic plants of Kenya II: Volatile constituents of leaf oil of Psiadia Punculata (DC) Vatke(Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi, 1999) Hassanali, Ahmed; Mwangi, J. W.; Thoithi, Grace N.; Lwande, W.Psiadia punculata (DC) Vatke (P. arabica Jaub. and Spach)(Compositae) is a shrub 0.5-2.5 m (1]. The leaves arc shiny and sticky, narrowly elliptic (ovate), base cuneate or decurrent. apex narrowly acuminate, margin entire or ere¬ nate. Flowers are yellow in many-flowered heads. The plant is found in grassland, bushland and dry forest edges in Kenya. Powdered leaf decoction is used to trcat abdominal painsItem Aromatic plants of Kenya: volatile constituents of leaf oils of Sphaeranthus suaveolens (Forsk) D.C. and S. bullatus Mattf(The International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), 1998) Hassanali, Ahmed; Mwangi, J. W.; Achola, K. J.; Lwande, W.The essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from Sphaeranthus su av eolens (Forsk) D.C. (0.47%) and S. bullatus Mattf. (0.5%) were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Seventy eight compounds consisting about 95% of the oil of S. suaveolens were identified while 97 constituents accounting for about 83% were identified from the leaf oil of S. bullatus, The major constituents of the leaf oil of S. sauveolens was cis-pinocamphone (63.5 %) while those of S. bullatus oil were thymol (22.0%), bornyl acetate (8.1%) and germacrene-D (7.9%).Item Constituents of the essential oil of blumea brevipes (oliv. & hiern) willd(John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1994) Hassanali, Ahmed; Mwangi, J. W.; Achola, K. J.; Lwande, W.; Laurent, R.The composition of the essential oil of Blumea brevipes (Oliv. & Hiern) Willd. isolated by hydrodistillation was analysed by GC and GC-MS. Sixty-eight compounds constituting about 94% of the oil were identified. The main components were terpinen-4-ol (27.6%), germacrene-D (15.4%), sabinene (8.0%) and α-terpinene (5.5%). The essential oil composition of B. brevipes presented here (terpinenol-germacrene-type) is different from that of other Blumea/Laggera species.Item Depression among women with obstetric fistula in Kenya(Elsevier, 2011-10) Mutiso, S.; Weston, K.; Mwangi, J. W.; Qureshi, Z.; Beard, J.; Venkat, P.Objective To establish the prevalence of depression and describe associated factors among fistula patients attending an obstetric fistula surgical camp in Kenya. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted focusing on obstetric fistula patients attending a national fistula camp held in August 2008 at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic data and medical histories for all consenting patients before surgery. Depression measures were obtained using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results Of the 70 women interviewed, 2 (2.9%) and 12 (17.1%) reported a history of psychiatric illness and suicidal ideations, respectively. Depression was present in 51 (72.9%) patients, with 18 (25.7%) meeting criteria for severe depression. Depression was significantly associated with women older than 20 years of age (P = 0.01), unemployment (P = 0.03), lack of social support following fistula (P = 0.04), and living with fistula for over 3 months (P = 0.01). Conclusion Women with obstetric fistula are predisposed to high levels of depression. A holistic management approach, including mental health care and family support, is recommended.Item Effects of Leadership Styles on Teachers' Job Performance and Satisfaction: A Case of Public Secondary Schools in Nakuru County, Kenya(2013-09-10) Mwangi, J. W.This study aimed to investigate the effects of leadership styles on teachers‟ job performance and satisfaction in public secondary schools in Nakuru County and determine if the principals‟ leadership style(s) affected teachers‟ job performance in terms of accomplishing a given task and job satisfaction. More specifically the study determined the principals‟ leadership style(s) using the transformational leadership and transactional models and the effect on teachers‟ motivation in terms of achievement, competency, status, personal worth, and self-realization in public secondary schools. The findings of this study are expected to benefit among others, school heads and teachers among other stakeholders who will get first-hand information on effects of leadership styles on teachers‟ job performance based on job satisfaction and motivation. Additionally, the general public will increase their knowledge and help them understand the role of effective school leadership on teachers‟ job performance and satisfaction. It will also benefit other researchers who would want to carry out research on similar topics. The objectives of this study were on leadership styles, teachers‟ job performance, job satisfaction and motivation. A descriptive research design was used and a case study approach adopted. The target population of interest was 21 public secondary schools registered in Nakuru Municipality. A non-probability sampling technique or method was used for this study. The study purposively selected 7 public secondary schools and 20 respondents from each of the schools as being representative of the target population. Data was collected using the questionnaire method. Quantitative data was analyzed through the use of descriptive statistics which included frequencies, percentages and means as measures of central tendency, while the qualitative data was analyzed through the use of content analysis. The analyzed data was presented using tables and bar charts. Among the key findings of this study was that teachers who lack enthusiasm are unable to teach effectively, making students not to learn well. It also showed that principals‟ attitude of not considering teachers‟ suggestions in decision making made teachers lose interest in their job. The study recommends that the Ministry of Education should seek ways to improve job satisfaction of teachers in the middle of their teaching profession by improving working conditions and giving them more opportunities for training. Principals should be able to work with others to implant the vision into the structures and processes of the school. They should be able to communicate the vision to the staff of what their schools should become.Item Essential Oil Constituents of Sphaeranthus cyathuloides O. Hoffm.(Taylor & Francis, 1995) Hassanali, Ahmed; Mwangi, J. W.; Achola, K. J.; Laurent, R.; Lwande, W.Essential oil from the leaves of Sphaeranthus cyathuloides O. Hoffm. was examined by GC and GC/MS. The oil (2.9%) was found to contain trans-dihydrocarvone (67%) and cis-dihydrocarvone (26%) and some small amounts of isodihydrocarveol and neoisodihydrocarveol and limonene. The flower oil contained only small amounts of trans-dihydrocarvone (0.3%) and cis-dihydrocarvone (0.6%).Item Essential Oils of Lippia Species in Kenya. IV: Maize Weevil (Sitophilus Zeamais) Repellancy and Larvicidal Activity Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/13880209209054622?journalCode=phb(1992) Hassanali, Ahmed; Mwangi, J. W.; Addae-Mensah, I.; Muriuki, G.; Munavu, R.; Lwande, W.The repellancy of essential oils of eight Lippia species on maize weevils was compared with NN-diethyltoluamide (DEET). The larvicidal activity of these essential oils was also examined. As a repellant, the essential oil of L. ukambensis (chemotype camphor) was the most active. Other promising repellants were the essential oils of L. javanica, L. dauensis, L. somalensis and L. grandifolia. The essential oil of L. wilmsii was the most active as a larvicide. Individual hydrocarbon monoterpene constituents were generally more active than the oxygenated constituents of the essential oils.Item Status of Men and Women Saving in the Informal Finance Groups in Gachagi Informal Settlement area - Thika Town Constituency, Kiambu County, Kenya(2013-12-28) Mwangi, J. W.This study aims at establishing the status of men and women savings in the informal finance groups in Gachagi informal settlement in Thika town Constituency of Kiambu County. This study focuses on the informal finance groups that exist in the informal settlement. The study will seek to fulfill five objectives: to establish the types of informal finance groups that exist in the study area; to identify the factors for the preferred informal finance groups by men and women; to analyze the challenges facing slum men and women in the informal finance groups; and to identify the strategies to scale up saving for the slum men and women in the informal finance groups. The research will be based on Descriptive survey design. This design was purposively selected because it describes the situation the way it is. The site of the study is Gachagi slum in Thika Town Constituency, Kiambu County. This locale was chosen because there are different types of informal finance groups in which both men and women use to accumulate and manage their savings. The target population of this study will be 20 informal finance groups, the DSSO, the Chief and slum elders found in Gachagi slum. Out of the 20 informal finance groups, 10 are ROSCAs, 5 are Welfare/clan groups, 3 AS CAs and 2 investment groups. Out of the 20 informal finance groups 35% will be randomly sampled to get a sample size of 7 informal finance groups. Cluster random sampling will be used to select 3 ROSCAS, 2 welfare/clan groups, 1 AS CAs and 1 investment group. In addition, the DSSO, the Chief and two slum elders will also be included in the sample. Data collection methods will be interviews, observation and focus group discussions. The literature review has been done to establish what has been documented with respect to the status of men and women savings in informal finance groups and in particular the informal settlement dwellers. This study will be based on Behavioral Life Cycle Hypothesis. The data collected will be arranged according to the emerging themes that will be identified based on the research objectives of the study. Descriptions will be organized and complemented with tables and graphs. Verbatim information will be quoted and discussed using narratives.Item Status of Men and Women Saving in the Informal Finance Groups in Gachagi Informal Settlement Area - Thika Town Constituency, Kiambu County, Kenya.(2013-12-17) Mwangi, J. W.This study aims at establishing the status of men and women savings in the informal finance groups in Gachagi informal settlement in Thika town Constituency of Kiambu County. This study focuses on the informal finance groups that exist in the informal settlement. The study will seek to fulfill five objectives: to establish the types of informal finance groups that exist in the study area; to identify the factors for the preferred informal finance groups by men and women; to analyze the challenges facing slum men and women in the informal finance groups; and to identify the strategies to scale up saving for the slum men and women in the informal finance groups. The research will be based on Descriptive survey design. This design was purposively selected because it describes the situation the way it is. The site of the study is Gachagi slum in Thika Town Constituency, Kiambu County. This locale was chosen because there are different types of informal finance groups in which both men and women use to accumulate and manage their savings. The target population of this study will be 20 informal finance groups, the DSSO, the Chief and slum elders found in Gachagi slum. Out of the 20 informal finance groups, 10 are ROSCAs, 5 are Welfare/clan groups, 3 AS CAs and 2 investment groups. Out of the 20 informal finance groups 35% will be randomly sampled to get a sample size of 7 informal finance groups. Cluster random sampling will be used to select 3 ROSCAS, 2 welfare/clan groups, 1 AS CAs and 1 investment group. In addition, the DSSO, the Chief and two slum elders will also be included in the sample. Data collection methods will be interviews, observation and focus group discussions. The literature review has been done to establish what has been documented with respect to the status of men and women savings in informal finance groups and in particular the informal settlement dwellers. This study will be based on Behavioral Life Cycle Hypothesis. The data collected will be arranged according to the emerging themes that will be identified based on the research objectives of the study. Descriptions will be organized and complemented with tables and graphs. Verbatim information will be quoted and discussed using narratives.Item Volatile Constituents of Essential Oil of Tarconanthus camphoratus L.(Taylor & Francis, 1994) Hassanali, Ahmed; Mwangi, J. W.; Achola, K. J.; Lwande, W.; Laurent, R.The leaf oil of Tarconanthus camphoratus (Compositae) was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Sixty compounds representing ca. 95% of the oil were identified. The major components were α-fencyl alcohol (29.1%), 1,8-cineole (16.5%) and α-terpineol (8.5%).