Browsing by Author "Mutonyi, Gerald Peter"

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    Influences to Mass Killings for It to Impact on Personal Security in the Ituri Region of Democratic Republic of Congo (2008–2022)
    (IOSR-JHSS, 2023-11) Mukokoma, Kambale Eliphaz; Mutonyi, Gerald Peter
    Background: Citizens of any nation, are bestowed some inalienable rights and freedoms. Such include, living in a society that honors freedom in political participation, prevention of government repression, prevention of mass violation of human rights and prevention of threats from militarization. But there are situations which hinder the achievement of such and one is, organized murder of specific people in the community. Therefore, this study sought to assess what influences mass killings for it to impact on personal security in the Ituri region of Democratic Republic of the Congo (2008–2022). Materials and Methods: The study used the Institutional Anomie theory. The study adopted a cross sectional survey design, and was carried out in Ituri region with the target population of all adult residents. A multistage sampling technique was employed starting with the clustering of the regions in the study area. Purposive sampling was used to obtain the administrative units to be studied. Those who had experiences of the mass killings were identified through snowballing. Questionnaire and interviews were used to collect data. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically. While quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics like percentages, average and mean, and pie charts. Results: The findings of the study were that, mistrust between the government and local community, political repressions, absence of a functioning state and its institutions at the regional level and was human rights abuses were the major influences to mass killings in Ituri region hence impacting on personal security. Conclusion: The very visible presence of state security personnel enhances the feeling of insecurity. The systematic nature of the destruction and pillage, and the brutality of the attacks on civilians, strongly suggests that attacks are intended to displace the populations from their villages and settlements. Consequently, there should be favorable mechanisms in DRC which can oversee the continuous curtailing of systematic killings. The favorable mechanisms can only be realized through the consultation of the stakeholders: the government, the militias, the various non-governmental organizations, and the citizens.
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    Service Delivery Strategies Influencing Service Provision by Private Security Firms in Nyeri County, Kenya
    (OPRA publications, 2025-04) Ng’ang’a, Simon Mbate; Mutonyi, Gerald Peter
    Private security companies have distinct market-driven motivations to ensure effectiveness and efficiency in providing security services to their customers. The current study sought to investigate examined the service delivery strategies influencing service provision by private security. And was anchored on the SERVQUAL Model and used the descriptive survey research design. The target population consisted of the managers and customers of private security firms operating in Nyeri County. A sample of 44 managers and 384 customers was used. Data was collected using questionnaires and an interview guide as research tools, with a pilot study conducted in Murang’a County. Qualitative data was analysed thematically, while quantitative data was examined by use of descriptive statistics of percentages, averages, means, and pie charts. This study found that, there were five service delivery strategies: that security firms incorporate modern and advanced security technologies, security firms provide a combination of security services, the perception that security firms invest in training programs to equip guards with essential professional skills, security firms tailor their services to meet the unique needs of different clients, security firms prioritizing client satisfaction by conducting regular service audits and seeking customer feedback. This study concluded that, continued innovation and collaboration will be crucial for maintaining high-quality service delivery in the sector. This study recommended that, firms should explore further specialization in service offerings to differentiate themselves in the competitive market, fostering strategic partnerships with other industry players.
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    The Various Initial Police Recruit Courses Offered to Enhance the Work Performance of Police Officers, Nairobi City County
    (IOSR-JHSS, 2023-11) Mutula, Josiah Muendo; Mutonyi, Gerald Peter
    Background: With the continuing cases of police officers’ unprofessionalism and violations of the work ethos outlined in the various instruments of police work manuals such as the 2018 Kenya Police Service Internal Affairs Unit Operations Manual and the National Police Service Police Officer Manual. It has been observed that a significant number of this indiscipline and improper conduct is being committed by police officers who had recently graduated from police training colleges. While it is evident that this behavior is not entirely attributable to the training dispensed, and that other factors might be at play to contribute to such misconduct. Therefore, this study focused on the various initial police recruit courses offered to enhance the work performance of police officers, Nairobi City County. Materials and Methods: The Training Review model was the theory used. This study was guided by a descriptive survey design that presented an opportunity for the researcher to obtain and present unique qualitative views derived from interviews and questionnaires that go a long way in inductive learning and knowledge building. The target population was police Officers serving within Nairobi County. The study used the multistage sampling. Primary data was gathered through questionnaires and focus group discussions. Results: The findings of the study were that, firearm handling, drill, discipline, tactics and physical training and basic investigations were the top courses offered in initial police recruit training. Conclusion: The study concluded that the different types of training offered under these initial police recruit training require a holistic view of training to enable more components of training relevant for the work place performance to be incorporated. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the NPS prioritize periodical evaluations of the initial police recruit training to improve its content and boost its efficacy among learners.
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    Types of Security Awareness Programs to Enhance National Security in Lamu County
    (International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies, 2024) Mutonyi, Gerald Peter; Pesa, Ibra Mwinyi
    The security programs in a country are meant to ensure the national security of it. And the same applies in Kenya where there are various security programmes customized for each region in the country and also for each security situation. This is because, citizens in a nation, are bestowed some inalienable rights and freedoms including being safe from dangers and harms. As it is, Kenyans are constantly living in the fear of what could happen next, as well as the next point that could be attacked by the terror attacks as well as the local rebels. Despite this development, few studies have evaluated the types of security awareness programs on national security in Lamu County, Kenya. Using Theory of Reinforcement and The Theory of Reasoned Action, this study sought to demonstrate influence of security awareness programs on national security. The study adopted a cross sectional survey design, and was carried out in Lamu with the target population all adult residents. A multistage sampling technique was employed starting with the clustering of the regions in the study area. Purposive sampling was used to obtain the constituencies and the wards to be studied. Clustering was used to group the target population into three homogenous groups. Security agencies were randomly sampled. Village elders were purposively sampled. Ten nyumba kumi elders were purposively sampled and the general public were systematically random sampled. Questionnaire and interviews schedules were used to collect data. Quantitative data was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics mainly frequency distributions were used to summarize the results that facilitated in the interpretation of the key findings as well as presentation of the findings. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically. Both qualitative and quantitative data were triangulated to provide robust illustrations of the key findings. The study found that, there are four types of security awareness programs: Nyumba Kumi Initiative, the School Outreach Security Awareness Programs, Physical Security Awareness Programs and Cyber Security Awareness Programs. The study concluded that, the state should be considered the central security provider, and whose stability and legitimacy are the main sources of protection for its citizens, from any kind of threats. The study recommended that, the state security agencies need to streamline their department in terms of the training and developing the skills of their agents to be at per with how to confront the various environments when doing community awareness.