Browsing by Author "Muoka, Boniface"

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    Community-Based Approaches to Peace Committee Formation: Lessons from Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya
    (CEDRED, 2025-04) Chepngetich, Rosemary Bor; Muoka, Boniface
    The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors contributing to the establishment of community-based peace committees in Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. Literature was reviewed on the theoretical frameworks of community-based conflict resolution, historical context and evolution of peace committees in Kenya and case studies on community engagement in peacebuilding in Elgeyo Marakwet County. The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design to explore their role and effectiveness in managing inter-ethnic conflicts, particularly between the Marakwet and Pokot communities. Primary data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 193 randomly selected participants across Marakwet East and West sub-counties, supplemented by Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with 15 purposively chosen stakeholders, including government officials, elders and NonGovernmental Organizations (NGO) representatives. The findings revealed high community awareness and perceived effectiveness of peace committees, driven by frequent engagement and alignment with local needs, bolstered by the inclusion of respected community figures and NGO support. However, challenges like political interference and funding shortages were noted as barriers to neutrality and sustainability. The study concludes that this hybrid model of traditional mediation and modern support offers a replicable framework for peacebuilding, recommending enhanced funding, protection from political influence and increased training and inclusivity to strengthen these efforts
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    Salient Features of Kenya’s Counter-Terrorism Strategies between 2011 – 2019
    (CEDRED, 2025-04) Onsinyo, Meroka; Wekesa, Peter; Muoka, Boniface
    The main concern in the field of counterterrorism is not how many terrorists are eliminated,such as by execution or imprisonment, but rather if their numbers have reduced as a result of the policies and actions implemented. In spite of Kenya’s coercive strategies that include both military and non-military approaches, there have been increased cases of terror attacks, although the various measures laid out to neutralize them have not been overly successful.Thus, the study aimed at analysing the key features of Kenya’s counterterrorism strategies between 2011 and 2019. The research was conducted in Nairobi City County targeting both state and non-state actors. The researcher used purposive and snowball sampling techniques to select participants and managed to interview only twenty-six key informants. The study found that Kenya’s counterterrorism strategy from 2011-2019 evolved holistically against alShabaab, blending hard tactics like the Prevention of Terrorism Act and the National Counter Terrorism Centre (NCTC) with soft approaches like community engagement and international cooperation. Despite progress, challenges persist harsh tactics caused human rights abuses and eroded public trust, while porous borders enabled terrorist infiltration. The study urges ongoing strategy refinement, prioritizing human rights, trust-building, and regional collaboration. It recommends a Regional Border Security and Intelligence Framework (RBSIF) with neighboring countries and Community-Led Counterterrorism Forums (CLCFs) in high-risk areas like Nairobi and Garissa to enhance security, cooperation, and community resilience for lasting peace.