Browsing by Author "Maina, James Rugami"

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    Blue Ocean Strategy and Performance of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) in Kenya
    (Kenyatta University, 2025-09) Maina, James Rugami; Muchemi, Anne; Maina, Samuel
    Purpose of the study:The study examined the effect of blue ocean strategy on performance of manufacturing firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. Methodology:A positivist research paradigm and an explanatory research design were adopted. The target population consisted of 95 functional heads of departments drawn from 19 listed manufacturing firms through a census approach. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. A pilot study was conducted to test the reliability of the research instrument. The instrument was also subjected to face, construct, and content validity. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings:The study found that blue ocean strategy significantly and positively affected firm performance (β=0.649, t=9.222, p=0.000), explaining 50.3% of the variance in performance. Recommendations:The study recommends that managers of manufacturing firms should prioritize blue ocean strategy to improve performance by creating uncontested market spaces.Manufacturing firms invest in market research to identify untapped customer segments, develop value-added services, implement strategic rebranding initiatives, and foster continuous innovation to differentiate themselves from competitors.
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    Business Model Innovation Strategies and Performance of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya
    (Kenyatta University, 2025-11) Maina, James Rugami
    Globally, manufacturing firms form a vital part of national economic infrastructure, contributing to employment, revenue generation and overall economic development. Despite their significance to the economy, most manufacturing firms in Kenya have recently experienced decline in performance, marked by low profit margins and stagnating market share due to increased competition from imports. This study investigated the effect of business model innovation strategies on performance of manufacturing firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. Specifically, it examined the effects of customer value proposition innovation, distribution channel innovation, blue ocean strategy and strategic partnership innovation on firm performance. Additionally, the study explored the mediating role of competitive advantage and the moderating effect of the regulatory framework on the relationship between business model innovation strategies and performance of listed manufacturing firms. The study is anchored on Porter’s value chain model, resource-based view theory, dynamic capabilities theory, diffusion of innovation theory and the balanced scorecard model. A positivist research paradigm and an explanatory research design that was cross sectional in nature adopted. The target population consisted of 95 functional heads of departments drawn from 19 listed manufacturing firms. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. A pilot study was conducted to test the validity and reliability of the instrument, achieving above Cronbach alpha index of 0.7. The instrument was also subjected to face, construct, and content validity. The response rate was 88%. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Descriptive analysis involved the use of mean and standard deviation. Results of data analysis are presented in tables and figures. Qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. The study found that customer value proposition innovation, distribution channel innovation, blue ocean and strategic partnership innovation strategies significantly and positively affected firm performance. Competitive advantage was found to partially mediate the relationship between business model innovation strategies and firm performance. Furthermore, the regulatory framework significantly moderates the relationship between business model innovation strategies and firm performance highlighting the importance of a supportive regulatory environment in enhancing the effectiveness of innovation strategies. The study findings conclude that managers of the manufacturing firms should prioritize business model innovation strategies to improve performance. The study recommends that through strategic collaborations, managers can work with universities and other educational institutions to include business model innovation studies in their syllabus. The policymakers should foster a conducive regulatory framework to support innovative efforts and facilitate ease of doing business to encourage more investments in manufacturing. The study recommends that top management of manufacturing firms invest in enhancing customer value propositions, optimizing distribution channels, adopting blue ocean strategies, and forming strategic partnerships. More emphases and resources should be devoted to distribution channel innovation strategy to ensure availability of quality products when, where and how customers need them. Future research should explore the effect of other business model innovation strategies and consider the role of additional mediating and moderating factors in different contexts, for example the informal manufacturing sector.
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    Customer Value Proposition Innovation Strategy and Performance of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nairobi Securities (NSE) in Kenya
    (Journal of Strategic Management, 2025) Maina, James Rugami; Maina, Samuel; Muchemi, Anne
    Despite manufacturing firms being vital to national economic infrastructure through employment and revenue generation, most manufacturing firms in Kenya have recently experienced declining performance marked by low profit margins and stagnating market share due to increased competition from imports. Thus, this study investigated the effect of customer value proposition innovation strategy on performance of manufacturing firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. The study was anchored on Porter's value chain model. A positivist research paradigm and an explanatory research design were adopted. The target population consisted of 95 functional heads of departments drawn from 19 listed manufacturing firms through a census approach. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. A pilot study was conducted to test the reliability of the research instrument, achieving Cronbach alpha indices of 0.964 for customer value proposition innovation strategy and 0.892 for firm performance, both well above the recommended threshold of 0.7. These reliability coefficients indicated strong internal consistency of the measurement scales, and the instrument was also subjected to face, construct, and content validity testing. The response rate was 88%. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that customer value proposition innovation strategy significantly and positively affected firm performance (β=0.659, t=7.510, p=0.000), explaining 40% of the variance in performance. The study conclude that managers of manufacturing firms should prioritize customer value proposition innovation strategy to improve performance. Manufacturing firms should invest in advanced CRM technologies, establish dedicated account managers for key customers, and implement effective communication channels to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. Continuous feedback collection and refinement of value propositions should remain at the forefront of customer-centric strategies to ensure alignment with evolving preferences.
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    Customer Value Proposition Innovation Strategy and Performance of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) in Kenya
    (Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing, 2025-06) Maina, James Rugami; Muchemi, Anne; Maina, Samuel
    Despite manufacturing firms being vital to national economic infrastructure through employment and revenue generation, most manufacturing firms in Kenya have recently experienced declining performance marked by low profit margins and stagnating market share due to increased competition from imports. Thus, this study investigated the effect of customer value proposition innovation strategy on performance of manufacturing firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. The study was anchored on Porter's value chain model. A positivist research paradigm and an explanatory research design were adopted. The target population consisted of 95 functional heads of departments drawn from 19 listed manufacturing firms through a census approach. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. A pilot study was conducted to test the reliability of the research instrument, achieving Cronbach alpha indices of 0.964 for customer value proposition innovation strategy and 0.892 for firm performance, both well above the recommended threshold of 0.7. These reliability coefficients indicated strong internal consistency of the measurement scales, and the instrument was also subjected to face, construct, and content validity testing. The response rate was 88%. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that customer value proposition innovation strategy significantly and positively affected firm performance (β=0.659, t=7.510, p=0.000), explaining 40% of the variance in performance. The study conclude that managers of manufacturing firms should prioritize customer value proposition innovation strategy to improve performance. Manufacturing firms should invest in advanced CRM technologies, establish dedicated account managers for key customers, and implement effective communication channels to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. Continuous feedback collection and refinement of value propositions should remain at the forefront of customer-centric strategies to ensure alignment with evolving preferences.
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    Customer Value Proposition Innovation Strategy and Performance of Manufacturing Firms Listed on Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) in Kenya
    (Stratford Peer Reviewed Journals and Book Publishing, 2025) Maina, James Rugami; Muchemi, Anne; Maina, Samuel
    Despite manufacturing firms being vital to national economic infrastructure through employment and revenue generation, most manufacturing firms in Kenya have recently experienced declining performance marked by low profit margins and stagnating market share due to increased competition from imports. Thus, this study investigated the effect of customer value proposition innovation strategy on performance of manufacturing firms listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya. The study was anchored on Porter's value chain model. A positivist research paradigm and an explanatory research design were adopted. The target population consisted of 95 functional heads of departments drawn from 19 listed manufacturing firms through a census approach. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured questionnaire with closed and open-ended questions. A pilot study was conducted to test the reliability of the research instrument, achieving Cronbach alpha indices of 0.964 for customer value proposition innovation strategy and 0.892 for firm performance, both well above the recommended threshold of 0.7. These reliability coefficients indicated strong internal consistency of the measurement scales, and the instrument was also subjected to face, construct, and content validity testing. The response rate was 88%. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study found that customer value proposition innovation strategy significantly and positively affected firm performance (β=0.659, t=7.510, p=0.000), explaining 40% of the variance in performance. The study conclude that managers of manufacturing firms should prioritize customer value proposition innovation strategy to improve performance. Manufacturing firms should invest in advanced CRM technologies, establish dedicated account managers for key customers, and implement effective communication channels to enhance customer satisfaction and loyalty. Continuous feedback collection and refinement of value propositions should remain at the forefront of custom...
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    Influence of Financing on Performance of Small and Medium Women Owned Enterprises in Kwale County, Kenya
    (IJCAB Publishing Group, 2020) Obiria, Lenard Osiemo; Maina, James Rugami
    Studies done by researchers around the world show women are in entrepreneurship in major towns and rural areas of Africa. Financial institutions have developed various products to boost their entrepreneurial spirit together with government support programmes with an aim to avail credit and increase the success rate of women owned businesses. The study sought to determine the influence of capital on performance of small and medium enterprises owned by women entrepreneurs. The main variables under focus included; access to capital, working capital structure, capital affordability and government finance programs. The study will fill a research gap as there is no known study to have been done in Kwale county. The theoretical framework forming the basis of the study consisted of; resource-based theory, dynamic trade off theory and access to capital theory. A comprehensive literature review was given for each variable and their relationships highlighted. The study adopted a descriptive research design, a population of 2000 and a sample of 600 SME owners. Furthermore, the study used questionnaires for data collection that were hand delivered to respondents after validity and reliability through pilot testing techniques. Data collected was coded, sorted and analyzed by use of simple regression model with the help of Statistical Package for Social Sciences application. The study was conducted in line with ethical requirements by seeking permissions from the university and government institutions before commencement of the study. Data from 501 respondents was analysed representing 83.5% of the sample. The results indicated that access to capital, capital affordability, working capital structure and government finance programs had a positive influence on performance of women owned SMES. The study concluded that for women entrepreneurs to perform well in their business, efforts should put in place to ensure capital is made accessible, affordable while enlightening them on what alternatives sources of capital are available; whether from the government or private sector, for better working capital structure. Finally, the study recommended that studies should be conducted on influence of knowledge, skills and management styles on the performance of women owned SMES in Kwale County.
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    Organizational Resources and Strategy Implementation in Non-Profit Organizations; A Case of Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kenya
    (IJCAB Publishing Group, 2019) Ngui, David Lavu; Maina, James Rugami
    Most NPOs in Kenya have not fully embraced the use of strategic plans due to the difficulties involved in development implementing of strategic plans. There are many factors that hamper implementation of strategic planning an organisation including inadequate financial resources, human resources, technological competences and organisational culture. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of organizational resources on Strategy Implementationin Non-Profit Organizations with a key focus on The Kenya Medical Research Institute Wellcome Trust Research Programme based in Kilifi County, Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to examine influence of financial resources on strategic plan implementation, influence of human resources, and influence of technological competences on strategic plan implementation. The study was guided two theories, Resource Based View theory and Learning organisation theory. The research employed a descriptive survey research design. The study’s population was the management staff at KWTRP who were 60 according to the KWTRP (2018). Since the population was small, a census was adopted. The primary data was collected by use of self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by use of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, mean scores and standard deviation with the aid of SPSS and presented through tables, charts, graphs, frequencies and percentages. The study established that human resources, financial resources and technology competence had a positive and significant influence on the implementation of strategy at KWTRP. The study concluded that an organization’s workers important assets as they consistently contribute to an organization’s efficient functioning. That proper allocation of financial resources allows managers to put together more productive and efficient workplace teams and enables them to assess their schedules and predict the availability of resources in real time effectively and that technology competence lies in its ability to streamline interaction both internally and externally. One of the essential benefits of software expertise is its potential by promoting strategic thinking and knowledge transfer to improve the competitive advantage of an organization in the marketplace. The study recommends that the organisation incorporate top-down and bottom-up plan development on human resources in order to gain input from the lower management tier and involve workers in formulating strategies in order to significantly increase their contribution to executing a strategy. The study advises that the leadership of the institute should provide enough financial resources to execute strategies effectively. For each assignment within the plan, periodic cost estimates are important so that the use of financial resources can be made as efficiently as possible. On technology competence, the study suggests that management should seek more support for technical ways of executing strategies by having clear and articulated career paths for their staff, leave room for improvement to ensure cohesion of efforts in support of the implementation of the strategy. Similar studies should be carried out in private and public organizations since this study only focussed on nonprofit organizations.