Browsing by Author "Kasoma, Pantaleon M.B."

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    Plant species diversity and composition in Kanyabaha wetland in Rukiga District, Uganda
    (KeAi Communications Co.Ltd, 2025-10-27) Walakira, Paul; Gichuki, Cecilia; Muriuki, John; Ndunda, Ezekiel; Olanya, Peter B.; Kasoma, Pantaleon M.B.
    Wetlands are ecologically and socioeconomically vital ecosystems, yet they remain highly vulnerable to humaninduced disturbances. This study assessed plant species composition, diversity, and ecological dominance within Kanyabaha Wetland in Uganda to generate baseline ecological data that can inform sustainable management. Standard vegetation survey techniques and ecological indices, including Shannon-Wiener, Simpson’s Diversity, and Importance Value Index (IVI), were employed across sites with varying disturbance levels. A total of 31 plant species belonging to 19 families were recorded, with notable variation in species richness and composition across sites. Less disturbed areas (e.g., Rutenje and Burime) exhibited higher native species richness and stronger ecological integrity, while highly disturbed sites like Kandago were dominated by introduced species, particularly Eucalyptus spp. Interestingly, Kandago recorded the highest diversity indices, suggesting that while disturbance may increase species evenness, it compromises ecological balance. The dominance of few species in disturbed areas indicated a shift in vegetation structure, potentially disrupting ecosystem functionality. To address these issues, the study recommends targeted conservation measures, such as the removal or control of invasive species, promotion of native species regeneration, and community-led restoration initiatives. These findings are crucial for wetland managers, conservation agencies, and policy-makers, offering a scientific basis for prioritizing conservation areas and designing context-specific management interventions. The study contributes to the broader understanding of plant community responses to disturbance, supporting ongoing ecological monitoring and evidence-based restoration planning