Browsing by Author "Buna, Yattani Dido"

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    Adaptations Made on Competency-Based Curriculum Assessment Procedures for Learners with Visual Impairments in Special Primary Schools in Kenya
    (Journal of Popular Education in Africa, 2026-03) Musango, Loise M.; Murugami, Margaret; Buna, Yattani Dido
    We investigated whether the assessments used in the Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Kenya are meeting the needs of learners with visual impairments. Our objective was to evaluate the adaptations teachers make to CBC assessment procedures for learners with visual impairments. We interviewed three head teachers, administered structured questionnaires to 44 teachers, and conducted focus group discussions with 36 learners in three special primary schools for learners with visual impairments in Kenya. We find evidence that, in most cases, the design of CBC and the existence of clear guidelines make it easy to adapt the assessments. The majority of teachers in these schools strive to do the adaptations, although the process can be strenuous, requiring them to do “extra work” without additional compensation. Teachers are not using or interpreting assessment procedures and results the same way, raising issues with validity, reliability, and fairness. Much effort has been made to ensure that the assessments carter for individual learner differences, but many are dissatisfied with the summative grading system, claiming that it makes them “lazy.” Recommendations for policy and research are provided.