Kenyatta University Repository
Kenyatta University Institutional Repository is a digital archive that collects, preserves and disseminates scholarly outputs of the Institution
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Recent Submissions
Effects of Ownership Structure on Financial Performance of Manufacturing Firms Listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya
(International Academic Journal of Economics and Finance, 2024-11) Macariaa, Jackline Watiri; Aluoch, Moses Odhiambo; Kosgei, Margaret
The Manufacturing Sector has been a key
contributor to Kenya’s GDP over the last few
years. However, from the year 2014 to 2023,
the financial performance of manufacturing
firms has been deteriorating as evidenced
from the declining returns on assets of the 9
manufacturing firms listed at the NSE,
Kenya. The ownership structure of a firm
influences the financial performance of the
company because it governs rules and
decision-making processes in all business
activities. The general objective of the study
is to determine the relationship between
ownership structure and financial
performance of the manufacturing firms
listed at the Nairobi Securities Exchange,
Kenya. The specific objectives are to
determine the relationship between
individual, institutional, government, foreign
ownership and financial performance of the
manufacturing firms at the Nairobi Securities
Exchange, Kenya. To determine the
moderating effect of corporate governance on
the relationship between ownership structure
and financial performance of the
manufacturing firms at the Nairobi Securities
Exchange, Kenya. The theories that will be
informing the study are agency theory,
stewardship theory, stakeholder theory and
resource dependency theory. The study will
embrace a positivism research philosophy.
The study will employ a descriptive research
design to cover ten years from 2014 to 2023.
The study target population is all nine
manufacturing firms listed at the Nairobi
Securities Exchange, Kenya where a census
study technique will be used. Only secondary
data will be collected. Panel linear regression
model will be adopted. The collected data will
be analyzed through descriptive and
inferential statistics. Diagnostic tests will be
carried out in this study which will include a
normality test, multi-collinearity test and
heteroscedasticity test. Results of the study
was presented in form of tables and graphs.
Misconducts such as falsifications and
misrepresentation of research work will be
avoided in the course of carrying out this
research study. Data was normally distributed
and there was no multicollinearity. Pearson
correlation posed a positive link between
individual, government ownership and
financial performance whereas institutional,
foreign ownership had a negative association.
Heteroskedacity was absent in the tested
residuals. All the null hypothesis in the study
were rejected. Random effect was the
considered model. Corporate governance had
a positive moderating effect between
ownership structure and financial
performance
Project Management Integration and Performance of Automated Tea Processing in Meru County, Kenya
(Strategic Journals, 2025-09) Mwangi, Hottensiah Wanjiru; Kyalo, Josphat
This research ascertained the influence of project management integration and success of the automated tea processing in Meru County, Kenya. The study adopted descriptive survey design. Target audience comprised of 168 individuals from the eight tea factories in Meru County that have completed the process of automation. A sample size of 112 respondents was drawn using Yamane formulae and stratified random sampling method. Data was gathered with a 5-point Likert scale survey. Data gathered and analysis was conducted utilizing the SPSS version 22, employing both descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Descriptive analysis/statistics encompassed means, standard deviations, and frequency tables. Inferential analysis employed regression models to elucidate the link between a research variable. The study revealed that resource allocation, digital communication, managerial control and knowledge management had a positive significant influence on the success of automated tea processing projects by factories in Meru County. The study concluded that effective resource allocation enhances the operational efficiency and productivity of the factories through strategic distribution of resources such as finances, technology, and human capital. The digital communication enhances coordination among teams involved in automated tea processing, leading to improved efficiency and productivity. The managerial control improves enhancement of operational efficiency, as managers can ensure that automated systems are functioning optimally and that any issues are promptly addressed. Knowledge management enables the factories to streamline their operations, leading to increased efficiency and productivity. The study recommended that the factories should develop a comprehensive resource allocation plan that prioritizes key areas such as technology acquisition, workforce training, and maintenance of automated systems to ensure optimal performance in tea processing factories in Meru County. The factories should develop a comprehensive digital marketing plan that highlights the success stories of automated tea processing projects in Meru County, utilizing various platforms such as social media, blogs, and newsletters. The factories can develop a comprehensive framework for monitoring and evaluating the performance of automated tea processing projects in Meru County factories
Credit Management Practices and Financial Performance of Deposit Taking Savings and Credit Co-Operative Societies in Marsabit County, Kenya
(International Academic Journal of Economics and Finance, 2024-11) Diba, Elle Ali; Ndede, Fredrick W S
Through the maintenance of credit risk
exposure within reasonable bounds, credit
management practices aim to optimize a
SACCO's risk-adjusted rate of return. The
level of professionalism, governance, policies
and processes, and risk management that is in
place, significantly impact credit management
success. This topic has gained attention
because DT-SACCOs in Marsabit County,
Kenya have historically shown declining
trends. These trends have frequently resulted
in the eleven SACCOs failed as a result of
noncompliance with SASRA's capital base
threshold and a lack of competitive
management abilities, poor credit
management that prevents loans from being
recovered, weak internal control systems that
allow management to misappropriate funds,
and infrequent audits. The study aimed to
explore the effect of credit management
practices on financial performance of savings
and credit co-operative societies in Marsabit
County, Kenya. Specifically, the investigation
intends to determine the effect of internal
control system and Audit, management
competency and capital adequacy influence
Sacco financial performance in Marsabit
County, Kenya. The study was guided by
Resource Based View Theory, Agency
Theory and Financial Intermediation Theory.
The study adopted descriptive research
design. Random sampling technique was
utilized. The study utilized primary and
secondary data. The research used
questionnaire and published article/financial
reports to obtain data respectively. The
sample size was selected using a stratified
random sampling procedure. To produce the
analysed data, SPSS version (23) was utilized.
Analysis results were displayed in tables and
charts, with interpretations provided in
accordance with the objectives of the project
and a generalization of the results. The study
upheld high ethical standards by securing a
survey license from the NACOSTI and
guaranteeing the participant’s confidentiality
and anonymity. The findings revealed that
correlation coefficient (R) in this model is
0.817, indicating a strong positive
relationship between the predictors (internal
control systems and audit, management
competency, and capital adequacy) and the
financial performance of DT-SACCOs.
Further, the findings established that
significance level (p-value) associated with
the F-statistic is 0.003, which is well below
the commonly accepted threshold of 0.05
which indicate that there is positive relation
between credit management practices and
financial performance of DT-SACCOs. The
research concludes that there is a strong
correlation between the effectiveness of
internal controls and audits and the overall
financial performance of DT-SACCOs. The
managers of the SACCOs should implement
regulations that promote the establishment of
robust internal control systems and audit
mechanisms within SACCOs. Clear
guidelines should be provided to ensure that
SACCOs maintain adequate controls to
manage credit risks effectively. The managers
of SACCOs must prioritize investing in
continuous training and capacity building
programs to enhance their management
competency in credit risk assessment,
monitoring, and recovery
Corporate Governance and Performance of Community-Based Organizations in Nairobi City County in Kenya
(International Academic Journal of Economics and Finance, 2024-11) Momanyi, Vane M.; Gatauwa, James M.
Community-Based Organizations (CBOs) in
Nairobi City County are facing poor financial
performance due to decreased donor
financing. The weak management systems
and mishandling of cash increase the severity
of the financial challenges in the CBOs. This
study examined the effect of corporate
governance on financial performances of
community-based organizations operating in
Kibera Sub County, Nairobi Kenya. The
primary aim of this study is to evaluate the
influence of corporate governance on the
financial performance of Community-Based
Organizations (CBOs). Specifically, it
investigates how the audit committee,
directors' compensation, and the quality of
external audits affect the financial outcomes
of these organizations. The research is
grounded in stakeholder theory, agency
theory, and stewardship theory. Employing a
descriptive research design, the study focused
on a population of 11 CBOs to achieve its
objectives. A census sampling technique was
applied to select these organizations operating
in Kibera Sub-County, Nairobi, Kenya. Data
was collected from secondary sources by
analyzing the financial statements and audit
reports of the CBOs. Descriptive statistics and
correlation analysis were utilized to interpret
the data, while a balanced panel data model
was employed to describe the collected
information. Several diagnostic tests,
including those for autocorrelation,
multicollinearity, normality,
heteroscedasticity, and the Hausman test,
were conducted. Ethical considerations such
as confidentiality and informed consent were
also prioritized in the study. The findings
indicated that managerial ownership has a
positive yet insignificant impact on the
financial performance of CBOs; directors'
remuneration similarly shows a positive but
insignificant effect. Conversely, the board
structure demonstrated a positive and
significant influence on the financial
performance of CBOs in Kibera. The audit
committee was found to have a positive but
insignificant effect, while the quality of
external audits significantly and positively
impacted the financial performance of these
organizations. The research recommends that
policymakers should focus on strengthening
the governance framework related to board
structure. This can be achieved by
establishing clear guidelines that promote
optimal board size and composition, ensuring
a balance between executive and nonexecutive members, and fostering diversity in
skills and experience
Succession Planning Initiatives and Employee Retention at the Teachers Service Commission, Kenya
(Strategic Journals, 2025-09) Oruko, Judith E. Atieno; Ndegwa, Priscila
This study investigated succession planning as a predictor of employee retention at the Teachers Service Commission. Given that the Teachers Service Commission plays a significant role in determining the education landscape in Kenya, it was therefore important to explore the factors in employee retention. An explanatory research design was adopted with emphasis on employees working in TSC headquarters, county, and regional offices. Stratified random sampling was used to select 380 participants from a total workforce of 3,000 employees to ensure diverse representation. Data collection employed structured questionnaires for primary data and a data collection sheet for secondary data. Reliability and validity were tested via a pilot study, and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis through SPSS version 26. The study findings indicated that the succession planning variables collectively explained 63.6% of the variation in employee retention (R² = 0.636, Adjusted R² = 0.632), with the model being statistically significant (F = 163.82, p < 0.001). Selective hiring emerged as a strong predictor (β = 0.715, p < 0.001), though respondents cited concerns about delayed timelines and unclear expectations. Talent identification also showed a positive influence (β = 0.682, p < 0.001), despite widespread perceptions of irregularity and lack of fairness in its application. Leadership development programs had a significant but lower impact (β = 0.551, p < 0.001), hindered by inadequate resource support and weak feedback integration. Performance-based promotions had a positive but statistically insignificant effect (β = 0.492, p = 0.850), indicating that their influence on retention may depend on fairness and transparency in promotion practices. This research confirms that succession planning practices substantially influence employee retention, though their effectiveness is moderated by implementation quality. The study recommends strengthening recruitment practices, enhancing talent management systems, expanding leadership development and training programs, and reforming promotion policies to build a more committed and stable workforce. These recommendations are expected to enrich existing knowledge and inform policy at the TSC by guiding the design of pragmatic human resource strategies that sustain long-term employee engagement and organizational stability. Key Words: Selective Hiring, Talent Identification, Leadership Development, Performance-Based Promotions