Kenyatta University Repository
Kenyatta University Institutional Repository is a digital archive that collects, preserves and disseminates scholarly outputs of the Institution
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Determinants of fortified food consumption among children aged 6-23 months in Isiolo County, Kenya
(International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, 2025-05-21) Mkungo, Emily C.; Chege, Peter; Munga, Judith
Background: Micronutrient deficiencies pose a significant public health challenge among young children in Kenya,
particularly in arid regions like Isiolo County. Fortified foods are a cost-effective intervention, yet their consumption
remains low. This study examines the role of socio-economic status, availability, and caregiver knowledge in fortified
food consumption.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Oldonyiro and Ngaremara wards, Isiolo County, from June to
August 2022, with 272 caregiver-child pairs. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group
discussions, and key informant interviews. Logistic regression analyzed associations between socio-economic status,
availability, caregiver knowledge, and fortified food consumption at p<0.05.
Results: Non-fortified maize flour (100%) and vegetable oil (96.3%) were consumed daily, while fortified versions
were consumed twice weekly by 36% and 47% of children, respectively. Higher socio-economic status (OR=1.729,
p=0.0034), better caregiver knowledge (OR=1.227, p=0.0089), and greater availability (OR=1.311, p=0.015)
significantly increased fortified food consumption. Only 20.2% of caregivers were knowledgeable about fortification,
and fortified foods were less available in rural areas.
Conclusions: Socio-economic status, caregiver knowledge, and availability are critical drivers of fortified food
consumption. Public health interventions should prioritize awareness campaigns, improve market access, and address
economic barriers to enhance uptake
Physical Health and Social Wellbeing Programs and Performance of West Kenya Sugar Company in Bungoma County, Kenya
(The Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management, 2025-04-11) Wabende, Jane; Makhamara Felistus
The West Kenya Sugar Company, a significant player in the sugar sector in Kenya has been encountering a variety of
difficulties that have contributed to its subpar performance. The company is burdened with significant debt, which limits
its ability to invest in necessary upgrades and expansions. Ineffective management strategies and lack of clear
operational guidelines have resulted in misallocation of resources and reduced productivity. In this regard, this research
aimed to examine the effect of employee wellness initiatives on organizational performance at West Kenya Sugar
Company located in Bungoma County, Kenya. Specific aims were to look at how physical health and social wellbeing,
affect performance at West Kenya Sugar Company in Bungoma County, Kenya. The research was directed by resourcebased theory and social support theory. A descriptive research approach was utilized in the study. Target population of
53 employees was used. A method of census was employed. A semi-structured survey was employed in the research to
gather primary data. Five respondents from Mumias Sugar Company participated in pilot study. To ensure the
questionnaire's validity, the research employed construct validity, criterion validity, and content validity. A Cronbach's
alpha correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. Qualitative and quantitative
data were gotten. Descriptive statistics focusing on central tendency measures like mean and standard deviation were
utilized to analyze quantitative data, while thematic analysis was employed to explore qualitative data. Inferential
statistics included correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Tables and figures were utilized to display the
findings. The research demonstrated that physical health, mental health, social wellbeing, and work-life balance
positively and significantly impacted the organizational performance of West Kenya Sugar Company in Bungoma
County, Kenya. The study concludes that physical health is a significant determinant of employee performance because
healthy employees are generally more energetic, focused, and capable of performing their tasks efficiently. Social wellbeing encourages open communication among team members, leading to better collaboration and the sharing of ideas.
The study recommends that the organization ought to establish thorough physical and social initiatives that encompass
fitness classes, health assessments, nutrition seminars. The organization ought to promote a climate where employees
are comfortable sharing their ideas and worries. The organization should establish mentorship systems where
employees can support each other, share experiences, and build relationships
Resource Mobilization and Coordination Influence on Organizational Performance: The Case of the Kalobeyei Integrated Social and Economic Development Program (KISEDP) in Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya
(International Journal of Business Management, Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 2025-05) Wachira, Anthony Gachiri; Njuguna, Reuben Kinyuru
This study examined the influence of resource mobilization and coordination on the organizational performance of the Kalobeyei Integrated Social and Economic Development Program (KISEDP) in Kakuma Refugee Camp, Kenya. Given the complex humanitarian setting, the research sought to establish the extent to which financial resource acquisition, budget management, stakeholder coordination, and resource allocation strategies impact service delivery and sustainability. A research design integrating both qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques was employed. A sample of 120 respondents, comprising government representatives, implementing partners, and community leaders, was surveyed using structured questionnaires and key informant interviews. The study found that resource mobilization significantly influences KISEDP's performance, with a standardized coefficient of 0.312, indicating a strong positive correlation. Furthermore, coordination mechanisms among stakeholders, including inter-agency collaboration, stakeholder engagement, and community participation, enhance program effectiveness. The regression model confirms that resource mobilization and coordination collectively explain 61.3 percent of the variance in organizational performance. The findings provide actionable insights for policymakers, development agencies, and humanitarian organizations on optimizing resource mobilization and coordination strategies.
Debt Collection, Strategic Alliance as Business Strategic Initiatives and Organizational Performance: Empirical Evidence in Kenya
(British Journal of Multidisciplinary and Advanced Studies, 2025-06) Migwi, Mary Waithira; Kipkorir, Chris Simon Sitienei
Kenya largely depends on import pharmaceuticals for its healthcare needs with imported medicines accounting for 70% total market valuation in Kenya. Success and profitability of import pharmaceutical companies is therefore important for the sustainability of Kenyan health sector and well-being of its citizens. Import pharmaceutical companies face challenges in organizational performance which include Profit, market share, customer retention and inventory turnover. The objective was to establish the effect of debt collection initiative and strategic alliances initiative on organizational performance of import pharmaceutical companies in Kenya. Balanced Scorecard model was used to anchor organizational performance. Descriptive research design was utilized. The taget population under study was 6356 key employees in 125 registered import pharmaceutical companies. Data was collected using open and closed ended questionnaire from 376 employees selected using stratified random sampling. The pilot study involved 38 respondents from the target population. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's alpha and the computed coefficient was 0.808. Content validity was determined using content validity index. (CVI) of 0.8. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings indicated that debt collection and strategic alliance initiatives had a meaningful positive correlation with organizational performance of import pharmaceutical companies in Kenya, with strategic alliance initiatives showing the strongest relationship (r = 0.790, p < 0.001). Debt collection initiatives also had a strong correlation (r = 0.748, p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that strategic alliances and debt collection initiatives had significant effect on organizational performance. In conclusion debt collection processes should be strengthened through proactive monitoring and digital payment. Organizations should strengthen strategic alliances with suppliers, healthcare institutions, and regulators in order to enhance market expansion and compliance. Research ethics was upheld throughout the study. Findings are relevant to policy makers, industry stakeholders and in designing procedures and guidelines that aid the success and resilience of the import pharmaceutical sector, ultimately benefiting the health industry in Kenya. The research findings lay a foundation for future studies aimed at identifying and implementing effective business strategic initiatives tailored to the needs of import pharmaceutical companies.
Applicability of Blockchain Technology in Cryptocurrency and Return on Investment for Online Companies Operating in Kenya
(Journal of Information and Technology, 2025-03) Kamathi, Fridah Kaunga; Ndede, Fredrick W.S.
Kenya is a global leader in blockchain technology and cryptocurrency adoption, with many businesses implementing blockchain solutions. However, the relationship between blockchain technology in cryptocurrencies and return on investment (ROI) is unclear in the literature. This study looked at the impact of blockchain technology on cryptocurrencies and ROI for Kenyan internet businesses. The independent variables were blockchain digital ledgers, blockchain smart contracts, and permissioned blockchains, with ROI as the dependent variable. The study was founded on the resource-based view theory, disruptive innovation theory, and diffusion of innovation theory. A correlational research design was used to target 1,664 online companies in Kenya. A sample of 178 firms was selected from a group of 322 companies that had used blockchain for at least three years. Top managers were selected as respondents using stratified sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analyzed with SPSS version 21 for inferential and descriptive statistics. Regression and correlation analyses revealed that implementing blockchain technology had a positive and significant impact on ROI. Among the independent variables, blockchain digital ledger had the highest impact (0.065 units), while permissioned blockchains had the least (0.056 units). All findings were significant at p < 0.05. The study emphasized the importance of online companies prioritizing blockchain adoption in order to maximize ROI. It concluded that blockchain digital ledgers, smart contracts, and permissioned blockchains had a significant impact on ROI. Future research should investigate the indirect mediating effects of blockchain project goals and company characteristics. The study recommended that Kenyan online business leaders accelerate blockchain integration, particularly the use of blockchain digital ledgers, to improve transparency, security, and fraud prevention. In addition, permissioned blockchains should be implemented to strengthen data integrity and mitigate risks.