Field efficacy of thermally expelled or live potted repellent plants against African malaria vectors in western Kenya
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Date
2003-10-22
Authors
Hassanali, Ahmed
Knols, Bart G. J.
Kabiru, Ephantus W.
Killeen, Gerry F.
Seyoum, Aklilu
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
WILEY
Abstract
Objective To estimate the effectiveness of live potted plants and thermal expulsion of plant materials in repelling African malaria vectors in traditional houses in western Kenya.
MethodsOcimum americanum, Lantana camara and Lippia ukambensis were tested in live, intact potted form whereas leaves of Corymbia citriodora, leaves and seeds of O. kilimandscharicum and O. suave were tested by thermal expulsion from modified traditional stoves. A latin square design was applied for randomly assigning the treatment and control plants to experimental houses over different nights.
Results All plant species showed significant repellency against Anopheles gambiae sensu lato Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) (81.5%An. arabiensis Patton and 18.5%An. gambiae sensu stricto Giles), the main vectors of malaria in Africa, with the highest repellency by C. citriodora (48.71%, P < 0.0001) followed by an equal level of repellency of O. kilimandscharicum and O. suave (44.54%, P = 0.001) during application of plant material by thermal expulsion. All three plant species also showed a residual effect against An. gambiae s.l. with 36–44% repellency post-application period (22.30–06.30 hours) after a period of thermal expulsion. Similarly, intact potted plants of O. americanum and L. camara repelled An. gambiae s.l. significantly (37.91%, P = 0.004; and 27.22%, P = 0.05, respectively). Thermal expulsion of leaves and seeds of O. kilimandscharicum significantly repelled An. funestus Giles, although none of the potted plants repelled this species.
Description
DOI:10.1046/j.1360-2276.2003.01125.x
Keywords
Repellent plants, mosquito, malaria, thermal expulsion, potted plants, Kenya
Citation
Tropical Medicine & International Health Volume 8, Issue 11, pages 1005–1011, November 2003