Adherence to Standard Management Procedure of Organophosphate Poisoning in Selected Health Facilities in Nandi County, Kenya

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Date
2021Author
Mbugua, John
Kabiru, Ephantus
Kahiga, Titus
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Organophosphate poisoning is a public health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with over 300,000-
350,000 deaths mostly in developing countries. Incidences of organophosphate poisoning in Nandi County has been on the rise due to widespread
and increased access use of organophosphate compounds. The adherence by health care providers in Nandi County is low despite the existence of management guidelines of organophosphate poisoning. Compliance to this guidelines have been proven to improve the quality and outcome of the patient.
The study main objective is to determine the level of adherence to
the standard management procedure of organophosphate poisoning in
selected health facilities in Nandi County. A hospital based retrospective study was carried out on 166 patient records with organophosphate
poisoning in Kapsabet County Referral Hospital (87 cases), Nandi Hills
County Hospital (49 cases), Kaptumo Sub-County Hospital (14 cases)
and Mosoriot Sub-County Hospital (14 cases), Nandi County.
Data collected was entered and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The study
findings indicated that majority of the patients were male (73.3 per
cent), married (61.1 per cent), informally employed (85.5 per cent), primary level of education (64.1 per cent) and aged between 18-30 years
(56 per cent) who consumed poison with the intention of dying (85.5 per
cent). There was a significant association between type of organophosphate poisoning and age (2=148.178, df=4, P0.001), marital status
(2=17.059, df=2, P0.001) and literacy level (2=28.767, df=3, P0.001).
Management procedures carried out were ABC assessment (96.9 per
cent), gastric lavage (65.9 per cent), atropine administration (97.6 per
cent) and monitoring of fluids, electrolyte (98.2 per cent), resuscitation
(29.4 per cent), skin irrigation (2.5 per cent), emesis (18.5 per cent),
administration of activated charcoal (10.7 per cent) and administration
of pralidoxime (1.5 per cent).