Evaluation of Seed Quality Attributes of Sorghum G ermplasm Accessions from Eastern, Coast al and Nyanza R egions, Kenya

Abstract

Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor L.) is an important cereal crop in Kenya. Despite the crops importance, the yields attained by farmers in Eastern, Coastal and Nyanza regions of Kenya remain low. Access to good quality seeds of sorghum is one of the constr aints facing the subsistence farmers. Good quality seed is important for increasing yield to att ain food security. The aim of this study was to evaluate quality attributes of the seed used by farmers. A total of 108 germplasm accessions were obtained from 76 farmers. The s eeds were tested for time and percentage of germination, seed vigour index, shoot and root dry weight Data collected was subjected to analysis of variance. Means were separated using Fisher’s Least Significance Difference test at p ≤ 0.05. Seed samples of 26 accessions attained germination percentage below stipulated standards by S eeds and Plant Varieties Act CAP 326 Majority of seeds showed longer mean germination time with only nine accessions germinating in less than ten days. Seed vigo ur index was rela tively high in most of the accessions, while biomass accumulation varied from high to very low among accessions. Though most of the seeds attained a high germination percentage, about 92% of seeds showed longer mean germination time. The e nvironmental conditions in the fields, pre and post harvest handling practices impact on the seed quality hence the wide variability in germination percentage, germination time, seed vigour index and dry matter accumulation. Therefore the need to improve q uality of seeds used by subsistence farmers by providing extension services on best pre and post harvest handling practices. Increasing production of sorghum in these regions will contribute significantly towards realizing food security. Further analysis c ould be carried out on genetic and sanitary quality aspects of the seeds planted by farmer s in Eastern, Nyanza and Coast al regions